Current CAR T therapy requires removing immune T cells from a patient, genetically modifying them in the laboratory, and then reintroducing them into the body. This is a complex and expensive process that takes weeks. Scientists from the University of California, San Francisco, have decided to simplify the preparation of immunotherapy and developed a CRISPR-based technology for editing immune cell genes directly inside the body, reports Nature.
This internal modification produced enhanced CAR T cells that were more effective at recognizing and attacking cancer cells, potentially reducing the risk of side effects.
The experimental treatment completely eradicated leukemia and multiple myeloma in all mice and, in half of the rodents, cured a rare, aggressive cancer—uterine sarcoma. The treatment, delivered via a standard injection, is currently being tested in primates, and pilot clinical trials are planned soon. Before launching patient trials, the scientists intend to evaluate long-term safety, as they are not yet certain of the effects of modifying immune cells throughout the body.
CRISPR has previously been used to create a simple and convenient diagnostic tool: the technology can detect STIs within an hour from a swab or urine sample.
