Anemia develops when the body doesn't have enough red blood cells to effectively transport oxygen. This condition can be the result of infections, hereditary diseases, or dietary iron deficiency. Doctors typically prescribe iron tablets for treatment, but the body absorbs only a small portion of them. Furthermore, oral iron intake is associated with the risk of gastrointestinal complications due to dysbiosis and inflammation.
Scientists decided to combine iron with probiotics and prebiotics to ensure greater effectiveness while simultaneously protecting the digestive system and being gentle on the intestines, according to Science Daily. The drug was packaged in a hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel.
After two weeks of oral administration of the drug, the mice experienced restoration of hemoglobin and ferritin levels, increased activity of genes involved in iron transport and metabolism, and improved iron absorption.
At the same time, there was a very low level of inflammation in the colon, and a restoration of the microbiota – the population of beneficial bacteria depleted by anemia – was observed.
While it's too early to talk about similar effects in humans, the authors are confident in the promise and safety of their approach for patients with acquired anemia. They expect to see restoration of iron levels and overall intestinal health, with no side effects.
Meanwhile, a hereditary form of anemia has recently been treated using CRISPR gene editing technology. The treatment has already been approved in the US and Europe.
